1. Appetite suppression: Victoza belongs to a class of medications called GLP-1 receptor agonists. GLP-1 is a hormone naturally produced in the body that helps regulate appetite. By acting as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, Victoza can reduce feelings of hunger and increase feelings of fullness, which may lead to decreased food intake and subsequent weight loss.

2. Slowed gastric emptying: Victoza can also slow down the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. This can contribute to increased satiety and a reduced desire to eat, further aiding in weight loss.

3. Increased insulin sensitivity: Victoza improves insulin sensitivity, which means it helps the body utilize insulin more effectively. This can be beneficial for individuals with insulin resistance, a common condition in overweight or obese individuals. By improving insulin sensitivity, Victoza can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing diabetes. Additionally, better insulin sensitivity can also promote weight loss.

4. Promotion of weight loss-related hormones: Victoza may affect the release of other hormones involved in weight regulation, such as glucagon, leptin, and adiponectin. These hormones play a role in metabolism, appetite control, and fat storage, and their modulation by Victoza may contribute to weight loss.

It's important to note that Victoza should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, and it is typically prescribed for individuals who have a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or a BMI of 27 or higher with obesity-related comorbidities. The medication is usually prescribed alongside lifestyle modifications, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, to maximize its effectiveness in promoting weight loss.